NSES Content Standard E  Science and Technology: Abilities of technological design   Grades K-4, page 137  Implementing proposed solutions. Children should develop abilities to work individually and collaboratively and to use suitable tools, techniques, and quantitative measurements when appropriate. Students should demonstrate the ability to balance simple constraints in problem solving.

 
Benchmark 3A The Nature of Technology: Technology and Science
Grades K-2, page 44
When trying to build something or to get something to work better, it usually helps to follow directions if there are any or to ask someone who has done it before for suggestions.

Benchmark 3B The Nature of Technology: Design and Systems
Grades K-2, page 49
People may not be able to actually make or do everything that they can design.

Benchmark 3B The Nature of Technology: Design and Systems
Grades 3-5, page 50
Even a good design may fail. Sometimes steps can be taken ahead of time to reduce the likelihood of failure, but it cannot be entirely eliminated.

Benchmark 3B The Nature of Technology: Design and Systems
Grades 3-5, page 50
The solution to one problem may create other problems.

Benchmark 3C The Nature of Technology: Issues in Technology
Grades 3-5, page 54
Scientific laws, engineering principles, properties of materials, and construction techniques must be taken into account in designing engineering solutions to problems. Other factors, such as cost, safety, appearance, environmental impact, and what will happen if the solution fails also must be considered.

Benchmark 12C Habits of Mind: Manipulation and Observation
Grades K-2, page 293
Use hammers, screwdrivers, clamps, rulers, scissors, and hand lenses, and operate ordinary audio equipment.

Benchmark 12C Habits of Mind: Manipulation and Observation
Grades K-2, page 293
Assemble, describe, take apart and reassemble constructions using interlocking blocks, erector sets, and the like.

Benchmark 12C Habits of Mind: Manipulation and Observation
Grades K-2, page 293
Make something out of paper, cardboard, wood, plastic, metal, or existing objects that can actually be used to perform a task.

Benchmark 12C Habits of Mind: Manipulation and Observation
Grades K-2, page 293
Measure the length in whole units of objects having straight edges.

Benchmark 12C Habits of Mind: Manipulation and Observation
Grades 3-5, page 293
Choose appropriate common materials for making simple mechanical constructions and repairing things.

Benchmark 12C Habits of Mind: Manipulation and Observation
Grades 3-5, page 293
Measure and mix dry and liquid materials (in the kitchen, garage, or laboratory) in prescribed amounts, exercising reasonable safety.