NSES Content Standard C
Life Science: The cell Grades 9-12, page 184 Most cell functions involve chemical reactions. Food molecules taken
into cells react to provide the chemical constituents needed to synthesize
other molecules. Both breakdown and synthesis are made possible by a large
set of protein catalysts, called enzymes. The breakdown of some of the
food molecules enables the cell to store energy in specific chemicals that
are used to carry out the many functions of the cell.
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Benchmark 5E The Living Environment:
Flow of Matter and Energy
Grades 6-8, page 120
Food provides the molecules that serve as fuel and building material
for all organisms. Plants use the energy from light to make sugars from
carbon dioxide and water. This food can be used immediately or stored for
later use. Organisms that eat plants break down the plant structures to
produce the materials and energy they need to survive. Then they are consumed
by other organisms.
Benchmark 6C The Human Organism: Basic
Functions
Grades 6-8, page 137
To burn food for the release of energy stored in it, oxygen must be
supplied to cells, and carbon dioxide removed. Lungs take in oxygen for
the combustion of food and they eliminate the carbon dioxide produced.
The urinary system disposes of dissolved waste molecules, the intestinal
tract removes solid wastes, and the skin and lungs rid the body of heat
energy. The circulatory system moves all these substances to or from cells
where they are needed or produced, responding to changing demands.