NSES Content Standard B
Physical Science: Interactions of energy and matter
Grades 9-12, page 181
In some materials, such as metals, electrons flow easily, whereas in
insulating materials such as glass they can hardly flow at all. Semiconducting
materials have intermediate behavior. At low temperatures some materials
become superconductors and offer no resistance to the flow of electrons.
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Benchmark 4G The Physical Setting: Forces
of Nature
Grades 9-12, page 97
Different kinds of materials respond differently to electric forces.
In conducting materials such as metals, electric charges flow easily, whereas
in insulating materials such as glass, they can move hardly at all. At
very low temperatures, some materials become superconductors and offer
no resistance to the flow of current. In between these extremes, semiconducting
materials differ greatly in how well they conduct, depending on their exact
composition.