NSES Content Standard A
Science as Inquiry: Understanding about scientific inquiry Grades 9-12, page 175 Scientific explanations must adhere to criteria such as: a proposed
explanation must be logically consistent; it must abide by the rules of
evidence; it must be open to questions and possible modification; it must
be based on historical and current scientific knowledge.
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Benchmark 1B The Nature of Science: Scientific
Inquiry
Grades 9-12, page 13
In the short run, new ideas that do not mesh well with mainstream ideas
in science often encounter vigorous criticism. In the long run, theories
are judged by how they fit with other theories, the range of observations
they explain, how well they explain observations, and how effective they
are in predicting new findings.
Benchmark 1C The Nature of Science: The
Scientific Enterprise
Grades 6-8, page 18
Accurate record-keeping, openness, and replication are essential for
maintaining an investigator's credibility with other scientists and society.