NSES Content Standard G
History and Nature of Science: Nature of science Grades 5-8, page 171 It is part of scientific inquiry to evaluate the results of scientific
investigations, experiments, observations, theoretical models, and the
explanations proposed by other scientists. Evaluation includes reviewing
the experimental procedures, examining the evidence, identifying faulty
reasoning, pointing out statements that go beyond the evidence, and suggesting
alternative explanations for the same observations. Although scientists
may disagree about explanations of phenomena, about interpretations of
data, or about the value of rival theories, they do agree that questioning,
response to criticism, and open communication are integral to the process
of science. As scientific knowledge evolves, major disagreements are eventually
resolved through such interactions between scientists.
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Benchmark 1C The Nature of Science: The
Scientific Enterprise
Grades 6-8, page 18
Accurate record-keeping, openness, and replication are essential for
maintaining an investigator's credibility with other scientists and society.
Benchmark 12A Habits of Mind: Values
and Attitudes
Grades 6-8, page 287
Know that often different explanations can be given for the same evidence,
and it is not always possible to tell which one is correct.
Benchmark 12A Habits of Mind: Values
and Attitudes
Grades 9-12, page 287
Know why curiosity, honesty, openness, and skepticism are so highly
regarded in science and how they are incorporated into the way science
is carried out; exhibit those traits in their own lives and value them
in others.