| NSES Content Standard A
Science as Inquiry: Understanding about scientific inquiry Grades 5-8, page 148 Science advances through legitimate skepticism. Asking questions and
querying other scientists' explanations is part of scientific inquiry.
Scientists evaluate the explanations proposed by other scientists by examining
evidence, comparing evidence, identifying faulty reasoning, pointing out
statements that go beyond the evidence, and suggesting alternative explanations
for the same observations.
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Benchmark 1B The Nature of Science: Scientific
Inquiry
Grades 9-12, page 13
In the short run, new ideas that do not mesh well with mainstream ideas
in science often encounter vigorous criticism. In the long run, theories
are judged by how they fit with other theories, the range of observations
they explain, how well they explain observations, and how effective they
are in predicting new findings.
Benchmark 1C The Nature of Science: The
Scientific Enterprise
Grades 3-5, page 16
Clear communication is an essential part of doing science. It enables
scientists to inform others about their work, expose their ideas to criticism
by other scientists, and stay informed about scientific discoveries around
the world.
Benchmark 1C The Nature of Science: The
Scientific Enterprise
Grades 6-8, page 18
Accurate record-keeping, openness, and replication are essential for
maintaining an investigator's credibility with other scientists and society.
Benchmark 12A Habits of Mind: Values
and Attitudes
Grades 6-8, page 287
Know why it is important in science to keep honest, clear, and accurate
records.
Benchmark 12A Habits of Mind: Values
and Attitudes
Grades 6-8, page 287
Know that often different explanations can be given for the same evidence,
and it is not always possible to tell which one is correct.
Benchmark 12A Habits of Mind: Values
and Attitudes
Grades 9-12, page 287
Know why curiosity, honesty, openness, and skepticism are so highly
regarded in science and how they are incorporated into the way science
is carried out; exhibit those traits in their own lives and value them
in others.