Benchmark 5C
The Living Environment: Cells
Grades 9-12, page 113
Within the cell are specialized parts for the transport of materials,
energy capture and release, protein building, waste disposal, information
feedback, and even movement. In addition to these basic cellular functions
common to all cells, most cells in multicellular organisms perform some
special functions that others do not.
NSES Content Standard C
Life Science: Structure and function in living systems
Grades 5-8, page 156
Specialized cells perform specialized functions in multicellular organisms.
Groups of specialized cells cooperate to form a tissue, such as a muscle.
Different tissues are in turn grouped together to form larger functional
units, called organs. Each type of cell, tissue, and organ has a distinct
structure and set of functions that serve the organism as a whole.
NSES Content Standard C
Life Science: The cell
Grades 9-12, page 184
Cells have particular structures that underlie their functions. Every
cell is surrounded by a membrane that separates it from the outside world.
Inside the cell is a concentrated mixture of thousands of different molecules
which form a variety of specialized structures that carry out such cell
functions as energy production, transport of molecules, waste disposal,
synthesis of new molecules, and the storage of genetic material.
NSES Content Standard C
Life Science: The cell
Grades 9-12, page 184
Cells can differentiate, and complex multicellular organisms are formed
as a highly organized arrangement of differentiated cells. In the development
of these multicellular organisms, the progeny from a single cell form an
embryo in which the cells multiply and differentiate to form the many specialized
cells, tissues and organs that comprise the final organism. This differentiation
is regulated through the expression of different genes.
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