Benchmark 4D
The Physical Setting: Structure of Matter
Grades 6-8, page 78
All matter is made up of atoms, which are far too small to see directly
through a microscope. The atoms of any element are alike but are different
from atoms of other elements. Atoms may stick together in well-defined
molecules or may be packed together in large arrays. Different arrangements
of atoms into groups compose all substances.
NSES Content Standard B
Physical Science: Structure of atoms
Grades 9-12, page 178
Matter is made of minute particles called atoms, and atoms are composed
of even smaller components. These components have measurable properties,
such as mass and electrical charge. Each atom has a positively charged
nucleus surrounded by negatively charged electrons. The electric force
between the nucleus and electrons holds the atom together.
NSES Content Standard B
Physical Science: Structure and properties of matter
Grades 9-12, page 178
An element is composed of a single type of atom. When elements are
listed in order according to the number of protons (called the atomic number),
repeating patterns of physical and chemical properties identify families
of elements with similar properties. This "Periodic Table" is a consequence
of the repeating pattern of outermost electrons and their permitted energies.
NSES Content Standard B
Physical Science: Structure and properties of matter
Grades 9-12, page 179
Bonds between atoms are created when electrons are paired up by being
transferred or shared. A substance composed of a single kind of atom is
called an element. The atoms may be bonded together into molecules or crystalline
solids. A compound is formed when two or more kinds of atoms bind together
chemically.
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