Benchmark 3B
The Nature of Technology: Design and Systems
Grades 6-8, page 51

Systems fail because they have faulty or poorly matched parts, are used in ways that exceed what was intended by the design, or were poorly designed to begin with. The most common ways to prevent failure are pretesting parts and procedures, overdesign, and redundancy.
 

NSES Content Standard E 
Science and Technology: Abilities of technological design 
Grades 5-8, page 165 
Evaluate completed technological designs or products. Students should use criteria relevant to the original purpose or need, consider a variety of factors that might affect acceptability and suitability for intended users or beneficiaries, and develop measures of quality with respect to such criteria and factors; they should also suggest improvements and, for their own products, try proposed modifications. 

NSES Content Standard E 
Science and Technology: Understandings about science and technology 
Grades 5-8, page 166 
Perfectly designed solutions do not exist. All technological solutions have trade-offs, such as safety, cost, efficiency, and appearance. Engineers often build in back-up systems to provide safety. Risk is part of living in a highly technological world. Reducing risk often results in new technology.