NSES Content Standard E
Science and Technology: Abilities of technological design
Grades K-4, page 137
Propose a solution. Students should make proposals to build something
or get something to work better; they should be able to describe and communicate
their ideas. Students should recognize that designing a solution might
have constraints, such as cost, materials, time, space, or safety.
NSES Content Standard E
Science and Technology: Abilities of technological design
Grades 5-8, page 165
Design a solution or product. Students should make and compare different
proposals in the light of the criteria they have selected. They must consider
constraints--such as cost, time, trade-offs, and materials needed--and
communicate ideas with drawings and simple models.
NSES Content Standard E
Science and Technology: Understandings about science and technology
Grades 5-8, page 166
Scientific inquiry and technological design have similarities and differences.
Scientists propose explanations for questions about the natural world,
and engineers propose solutions relating to human problems, needs, and
aspirations. Technological solutions are temporary; technologies exist
within nature and so they cannot contravene physical or biological principles;
technological solutions have side effects; and technologies cost, carry
risks, and provide benefits.
NSES Content Standard E
Science and Technology: Understandings about science and technology
Grades 5-8, page 166
Technological designs have constraints. Some constraints are unavoidable,
for example, properties of materials, or effects of weather and friction;
other constraints limit choices in the design, for example, environmental
protection, human safety, and aesthetics.
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