Benchmark 12E
Habits of Mind: Critical-Response Skills
Grades 3-5, page 299

Seek better reasons for believing something than "Everybody knows that . . ." or "I just know" and discount such reasons when given by others.
 

NSES Content Standard A  
Science as Inquiry: Abilities necessary to do scientific inquiry 
Grades K-4, page 122 
Ask a question about objects, organisms, and events in the environment. This aspect of the standard emphasizes students asking questions that they can answer with scientific knowledge, combined with their own observations. Students should answer their questions by seeking information from reliable sources of scientific information and from their own observations and investigations. 

NSES Content Standard A  
Science as Inquiry: Abilities necessary to do scientific inquiry 
Grades K-4, page 122 
Use data to construct a reasonable explanation. This aspect of the standard emphasizes the students' thinking as they use data to formulate explanations. Even at the earliest grade levels, students should learn what constitutes evidence and judge the merits or strength of the data and information that will be used to make explanations. After students propose an explanation, they will appeal to the knowledge and evidence they obtained to support their explanations. Students should check their explanations against scientific knowledge, experiences, and observations of others. 

NSES Content Standard A  
Science as Inquiry: Abilities necessary to do scientific inquiry 
Grades K-4, page 122 
Communicate investigations and explanations. Students should begin developing the abilities to communicate, critique, and analyze their work and the work of other students. This communication might be spoken or drawn as well as written. 

NSES Content Standard A 
Science as Inquiry: Abilities necessary to do scientific inquiry 
Grades 5-8, page 145 
Develop descriptions, explanations, predictions, and models using evidence. Students should base their explanation on what they observed, and as they develop cognitive skills, they should be able to differentiate explanation from description--providing causes for effects and establishing relationships based on evidence and logical argument. This standard requires a subject matter knowledge base so the students can effectively conduct investigations, because developing explanations establishes connections between the content of science and the contexts within which students develop new knowledge.