NSES Content Standard A
Science as Inquiry: Abilities necessary to do scientific inquiry
Grades 9-12, page 175
Design and conduct scientific investigations. Designing and conducting
a scientific investigation requires introduction to the major concepts
in the area being investigated, proper equipment, safety precautions, assistance
with methodological problems, recommendations for use of technologies,
clarification of ideas that guide the inquiry, and scientific knowledge
obtained from sources other than the actual investigation. The investigation
may also require student clarification of the question, method, controls,
and variables; student organization and display of data; student revision
of methods and explanations; and a public presentation of the results with
a critical response from peers. Regardless of the scientific investigation
performed, students must use evidence, apply logic, and construct an argument
for their proposed explanations.
NSES Content Standard A
Science as Inquiry: Abilities necessary to do scientific inquiry
Grades 9-12, page 175
Use technology and mathematics to improve investigations and communications.
A variety of technologies, such as hand tools, measuring instruments, and
calculators, should be an integral component of scientific investigations.
The use of computers for the collection, analysis, and display of data
is also a part of this standard. Mathematics plays an essential role in
all aspects of an inquiry. For example, measurement is used for posing
questions, formulas are used for developing explanations, and charts and
graphs are used for communicating results.
NSES Content Standard A
Science as Inquiry: Abilities necessary to do scientific inquiry
Grades 9-12, page 175
Communicate and defend a scientific argument. Students in school science
programs should develop the abilities associated with accurate and effective
communication. These include writing and following procedures, expressing
concepts, reviewing information, summarizing data, using language appropriately,
developing diagrams and charts, explaining statistical analysis, speaking
clearly and logically, constructing a reasoned argument, and responding
appropriately to critical comments.
NSES Content Standard E
Science and Technology: Abilities of technological design
Grades 9-12, page 192
Communicate the problem, process, and solution. Students should present
their results to students, teachers, and others in a variety of ways, such
as orally, in writing, and in other forms-- including models, diagrams,
and demonstrations.
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